Instead, cite the source with the last name(s) of the author(s) followed by the year of the work.

Inserting long URLs in the body of a study – Often times, doctoral students insert long URLs to provide links to mentioned research studies or articles inside their paper. Use the last name only, followed by the year of the study’s publication is you are required to use APA style.

Using an author’s first and last name inside the text – When discussing authors and/or researchers inside your study, do not use the first and last name (whether inside or outside parentheses). No reference for information like the example above means it may be considered as plagiarism, so be extra wary. This example is full of unjustified claims and bring up several questions like how did the author know all this? And where was the information taken from? Remember, no matter what the claim and information, you must reference it. Shortly after, the Indica rice became the most productive and efficiently-grown rice grain, especially because of the ample construction of water reservoirs near rice fields. Rice cultivation and technology was brought into Taiwan before the Qing Era. The Taiwan Council of Agriculture states that there were originally no indigenous species of rice from Taiwan. In general, rice is known to be a staple food in Taiwan. To illustrate this common mistake of doctoral students, refer to the following example of an unjustified claim:

No referenced page numbers for direct quotationsįirst, you must be very wary of any unjustified claims you may make.Unwittingly plagiarizing – I will not focus on all the aspects of plagiarism that exist in a dissertation or thesis but, for literature reviews in general, there are a few issues you should take important note of: It is supposed to be objective, never subjective.

The literature review is supposed to be an unbiased display of already-existing thought and research around your topic. Again, for the same reasons you do not use emotional phrases in a literature review, you also don’t insert your own personal opinions. Giving personal opinions in a literature review– Although this issue should not be an issue, I see it all too often.

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